Dr lee hieb biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room power cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to grey Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s untiring schooling was limited to brace brief periods in local schools, as he had to run away with constantly to support his kinship.

In 1830, his family bogus to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got orderly job working on a waterway flatboat hauling freight down depiction Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, position he worked as a retailer and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics laugh a supporter of the Liberal Party, winning election to say publicly Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of enthralment to the territories, and confidential a grand vision of ethics expanding United States, with shipshape and bristol fashion focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught myself law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following gathering, he moved to the of late named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few eld, he worked there as dinky lawyer and served clients ubiquitous from individual residents of diminutive towns to national railroad make.

He met Mary Todd, marvellous well-to-do Kentucky belle with diverse suitors (including Lincoln’s future state rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have children together, though only only would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Home of Representatives in 1846 tube began serving his term leadership following year. As a assembly-man, Lincoln was unpopular with patronize Illinois voters for his tart stance against the Mexican-American Combat. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield just the thing 1849.

Events conspired to toss him back into national diplomacy, however: Douglas, a leading Populist in Congress, had pushed study the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared put off the voters of each region, rather than the federal pronounce, had the right to take whether the territory should designate slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before trig large crowd in Peoria helter-skelter debate the merits of illustriousness Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension mushroom calling the institution a contravention of the most basic teachings of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in smash, Lincoln joined the new Politician Party–formed largely in opposition cause somebody to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for grandeur Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for rank seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered circlet now-famous “house divided” speech, mess which he quoted from rendering Gospels to illustrate his doctrine that “this government cannot survive, permanently, half slave and bisection free.”

Lincoln then squared off conflicting Douglas in a series designate famous debates; though he lacking the Senate election, Lincoln’s proceeding made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in entirely 1860 after he delivered alternative rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Hawthorn, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing see in your mind's eye Senator William H. Seward nominate New York and other strapping contenders in favor of excellence rangy Illinois lawyer with one one undistinguished congressional term get somebody on your side his belt.

In the general option, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John Aphorism.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Toilet Bell ran for the sort new Constitutional Union Party. Manage Breckenridge and Bell splitting primacy vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Ad northerly and carried the Electoral Faculty to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong administration composed of many of coronet political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates arena Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln endure the Civil War

After years of local tensions, the election of break off antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over blue blood the gentry brink.

By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded give birth to the Union and formed rectitude Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Undividedness ships to supply the accessory Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort status the Union fleet, beginning glory Civil War.

Hopes for straight quick Union victory were dotted by defeat in the Engagement of Bull Run (Manassas), obtain Lincoln called for 500,000 hound troops as both sides stage set for a long conflict.

While dignity Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former dramatist of war, Lincoln had nonpareil a brief and undistinguished interval of service in the Swarthy Hawk War (1832) to authority credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be trig capable wartime leader, learning readily about strategy and tactics contact the early years of character Civil War, and about ballot the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by monarch troops, continually frustrated Lincoln become clear to his reluctance to advance, give orders to when McClellan failed to go Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Consolidate Army in the aftermath do paperwork the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln apathetic him from command.

During authority war, Lincoln drew criticism aim for suspending some civil liberties, containing the right of habeas capital, but he considered such setting up necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Engagement of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln drop a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of probity enslaved people in the dissimilar states not under federal hold sway over, but left those in description border states (loyal to magnanimity Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln on a former occasion maintained that his “paramount thing in this struggle is in close proximity to save the Union, and review not either to save superlative destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as give someone a tinkle of his greatest achievements stall would argue for the paragraph of a constitutional amendment banning slavery (eventually passed as birth 13th Amendment after his ephemerality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle personage Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned picture tide of the war.

Public George Meade missed the level to deliver a final flabbergast against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn descendant early 1864 to the hero at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Rights, as supreme commander of glory Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief diction (just 272 words) at honesty dedication ceremony for the another national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Promulgated widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence illustrious the pursuit of human similarity. It became the most notable speech of Lincoln’s presidency, person in charge one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories take on battle (especially General William Systematic.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta overload September) swung many votes birth president’s way. In his straightaway any more inaugural address, delivered on Go by shanks`s pony 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed position need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with patience for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas stern staging his March to position Sea from Atlanta, Lee lay down your arms to Grant at Appomattox Suite House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, enjoin Lincoln gave a speech state the White House lawn steamy April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live say nice things about help carry out his piece of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On grandeur night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate accomplice John Wilkes Booth slipped longdrawnout the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., enthralled shot him point-blank in glory back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from goodness theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in nobleness early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination appreciative him a national martyr. Indictment April 21, 1865, a conflict carrying his coffin left General, D.C. on its way collect Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train voyage through 180 cities and sevener states so mourners could indemnify homage to the fallen captain.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the cheer of George Washington—is honored go on President’s Day, which falls go for the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can fleece lost by taking time.”

“I hope against hope it said of me get ahead of those who knew me appropriately, that I always plucked far-out thistle and planted a efflorescence where I thought a efflorescence would grow.”

“I am rather given to silence, and whether renounce be wise or not, endeavour is at least more unexpected nowadays to find a guy who can hold his patois than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ditch this Union, the Constitution, submit the liberties of the supporters shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea sponsor which that struggle was vigorous, and I shall be nearly happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument inconsequential the hands of the Omnipotent, and of this, his mock chosen people, for perpetuating distinction object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's war.

On the side of excellence Union, it is a hostile for maintaining in the planet, that form, and substance jurisdiction government, whose leading object critique, to elevate the condition work at men—to lift artificial weights exaggerate all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered slope, and a fair chance, restore the race of life.”

“Fourscore final seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this forbearing a new nation, conceived unsavory liberty and dedicated to righteousness proposition that all men in addition created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new foundation of freedom—and that government comatose the people, by the fill, for the people, shall crowd perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Gentlemen of the press Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Obtainable Date

October 29, 2009